General Information of This Peptide-drug Conjugate (PDC)
PDC ID
PDC_00034
PDC Name
225Ac-PSMA-617
Synonyms
UH4J18XEL3; Actinium (225Ac) PSMA-617; UNII-UH4J18XEL3; Vipivotide tetraxetan actinium Ac-225; 2247839-16-1; ACTINIUM (225AC) PSMA-617 [WHO-DD]; ACTINATE(3-)-225AC, (N6-(N-((TRANS-4-(((2-(4,7,10-TRIS((CARBOXY-.KAPPA.O)METHYL)-1,4,7,10-TETRAAZACYCLODODEC-1-YL-.KAPPA.N1,.KAPPA.N4,.KAPPA.N7,KN10)ACETYL-.KAPPA.O)AMINO)METHYL)CYCLOHEXYL)CARBONYL)-3-(2-NAPHTHALENYL)-L-ALANYL)-N2-((((1S)-1,3-DICARBOXYPROPYL)AMINO)CARBONYL)-L-LYSINATO(6-))-
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PDC Status
Phase 1
Indication
In total 2 Indication(s)
Adenocarcinoma prostate
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Structure
Peptide Name
PSMA-617
 Peptide Info 
Receptor Name
Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 (FOLH1)
 Receptor Info 
Drug Name
Actinium-225
 Drug Info 
Therapeutic Target
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA)
 Target Info 
Linker Name
(S)-2-(4-(aminomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxamido)-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)propanoic acid
 Linker Info 
Peptide Modified Type
The modification of binding with chemical molecules
Modified Segment
Urea
Formula
C49H68Ac2N9O16-3
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 4 Molecular Weight (mw) 1491.2
Lipid-water partition coefficient (xlogp) Not Available
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 8
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 20
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 24
Full List of Activity Data of This Peptide-drug Conjugate
Identified from the Human Clinical Data
Click To Hide/Show 10 Activity Data Related to This Level
Experiment 1 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [1]
Indication Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Efficacy Data >50% PSA decline
65.00%
Patients Enrolled
26 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Description
A retrospective analysis of 26 men with progressive mCRPC that had undergone several previous therapies, including 177Lu PSMA-617, found that 225Ac PSMA-617 resulted in a ≥50% PSA drop in 65% of patients.
Experiment 2 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [2]
Indication Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Efficacy Data >50% PSA decline
70.00%
Patients Enrolled
Heavily pretreated, TRT-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.
Evaluation Method 68Ga-PSMA PET assay
Description
Therapy with 225Ac-PSMA-617 has shown remarkable efficacy (70% rate of PSA decline ≥ 50%, 29% complete response rate from 68Ga-PSMA PET) in heavily pretreated, TRT-nave patients.
Experiment 3 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [2]
Indication Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Efficacy Data Complete response (CR)
29%
Patients Enrolled
Heavily pretreated, TRT-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.
Evaluation Method 68Ga-PSMA PET assay
Description
Therapy with 225Ac-PSMA-617 has shown remarkable efficacy (70% rate of PSA decline ≥ 50%, 29% complete response rate from 68Ga-PSMA PET) in heavily pretreated, TRT-nave patients.
Experiment 4 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [3]
Indication Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Efficacy Data Grade 1 xerostomia
55.56%
Patients Enrolled
18 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with tandem-cohort PRLT.
Administration Time 1 week
Administration Dosage A median activity of 4.0 MBq (range 2.0-7.0 MBq)
MOA of PDC
Salivary gland dysfunction after 177Lu-PSMA-I&T/-617 PRLT has minor clinical relevance, both subjectively and objectively. Even after high cumulative activities, only mild-to-moderate dryness of mouth occurs in a minority of the patients. The prevalence of xerostomia appears to be significantly lower than the historical controls after external radiotherapy, radioiodine therapy, and especially after PRLT with 225Ac-PSMA-617. A validated questionnaire on xerostomia, salivary gland scintigraphy, and PSMA-PET/CT parameters can help to objectify, standardize, and quantify the SG toxicity of PRLT. A decrease of the excretion fraction on SGS and of the metabolic volume on PSMA PET/CT can be early indicators of SG impairment. The co-administration of lower doses of 225Ac in combination with 177Lu-PSMA-617 (Tandem concept) can decrease severe xerostomia after PRLT with alpha-emitters.

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Description
One-third (6/18) of the patients reported grade 1 xerostomia at the baseline, while, after one cycle of Tandem-PRLT, xerostomia grade 1 in 10/18 patients and grade 2 in 2/18 patients was observed (p = 0.001), and 6/18 patients did not report any xerostomia at the follow-up. There was no patient-requested treatment discontinuation. The sXI-score increased significantly from 9.5 (95%CI: 7.0-14.2) before to 14.0 (95%CI: 11.5-19.6) after Tandem-PRLT (p = 0.005).

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Experiment 5 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [3]
Indication Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Efficacy Data Grade 2 xerostomia
11.11%
Patients Enrolled
18 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with tandem-cohort PRLT.
Administration Time 1 week
Administration Dosage A median activity of 4.0 MBq (range 2.0-7.0 MBq)
MOA of PDC
Salivary gland dysfunction after 177Lu-PSMA-I&T/-617 PRLT has minor clinical relevance, both subjectively and objectively. Even after high cumulative activities, only mild-to-moderate dryness of mouth occurs in a minority of the patients. The prevalence of xerostomia appears to be significantly lower than the historical controls after external radiotherapy, radioiodine therapy, and especially after PRLT with 225Ac-PSMA-617. A validated questionnaire on xerostomia, salivary gland scintigraphy, and PSMA-PET/CT parameters can help to objectify, standardize, and quantify the SG toxicity of PRLT. A decrease of the excretion fraction on SGS and of the metabolic volume on PSMA PET/CT can be early indicators of SG impairment. The co-administration of lower doses of 225Ac in combination with 177Lu-PSMA-617 (Tandem concept) can decrease severe xerostomia after PRLT with alpha-emitters.

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Description
One-third (6/18) of the patients reported grade 1 xerostomia at the baseline, while, after one cycle of Tandem-PRLT, xerostomia grade 1 in 10/18 patients and grade 2 in 2/18 patients was observed (p = 0.001), and 6/18 patients did not report any xerostomia at the follow-up. There was no patient-requested treatment discontinuation. The sXI-score increased significantly from 9.5 (95%CI: 7.0-14.2) before to 14.0 (95%CI: 11.5-19.6) after Tandem-PRLT (p = 0.005).

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Experiment 6 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [3]
Indication Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Efficacy Data Grading stage 0 visual salivary gland scintigraphy
5.56%
Patients Enrolled
18 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with tandem-cohort PRLT.
Administration Time 1 week
Administration Dosage A median activity of 4.0 MBq (range 2.0-7.0 MBq)
Evaluation Method Salivary gland scintigraphy assay
MOA of PDC
Salivary gland dysfunction after 177Lu-PSMA-I&T/-617 PRLT has minor clinical relevance, both subjectively and objectively. Even after high cumulative activities, only mild-to-moderate dryness of mouth occurs in a minority of the patients. The prevalence of xerostomia appears to be significantly lower than the historical controls after external radiotherapy, radioiodine therapy, and especially after PRLT with 225Ac-PSMA-617. A validated questionnaire on xerostomia, salivary gland scintigraphy, and PSMA-PET/CT parameters can help to objectify, standardize, and quantify the SG toxicity of PRLT. A decrease of the excretion fraction on SGS and of the metabolic volume on PSMA PET/CT can be early indicators of SG impairment. The co-administration of lower doses of 225Ac in combination with 177Lu-PSMA-617 (Tandem concept) can decrease severe xerostomia after PRLT with alpha-emitters.

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Description
The stage of xerostomia at the baseline according to SGS was 0 in 10/18 patients, 1 in 6/18 patients, and 2 in 2/18 patients, while, at the follow-up, stage 0 was noted in 1/18 patients, stage 1 in 8/18 patients, and stage 2 in 9/18 patients (p < 0.001).
Experiment 7 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [3]
Indication Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Efficacy Data Grading stage 1 visual salivary gland scintigraphy
44.44%
Patients Enrolled
18 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with tandem-cohort PRLT.
Administration Time 1 week
Administration Dosage A median activity of 4.0 MBq (range 2.0-7.0 MBq)
Evaluation Method Salivary gland scintigraphy assay
MOA of PDC
Salivary gland dysfunction after 177Lu-PSMA-I&T/-617 PRLT has minor clinical relevance, both subjectively and objectively. Even after high cumulative activities, only mild-to-moderate dryness of mouth occurs in a minority of the patients. The prevalence of xerostomia appears to be significantly lower than the historical controls after external radiotherapy, radioiodine therapy, and especially after PRLT with 225Ac-PSMA-617. A validated questionnaire on xerostomia, salivary gland scintigraphy, and PSMA-PET/CT parameters can help to objectify, standardize, and quantify the SG toxicity of PRLT. A decrease of the excretion fraction on SGS and of the metabolic volume on PSMA PET/CT can be early indicators of SG impairment. The co-administration of lower doses of 225Ac in combination with 177Lu-PSMA-617 (Tandem concept) can decrease severe xerostomia after PRLT with alpha-emitters.

   Click to Show/Hide
Description
The stage of xerostomia at the baseline according to SGS was 0 in 10/18 patients, 1 in 6/18 patients, and 2 in 2/18 patients, while, at the follow-up, stage 0 was noted in 1/18 patients, stage 1 in 8/18 patients, and stage 2 in 9/18 patients (p < 0.001).
Experiment 8 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [3]
Indication Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Efficacy Data Grading stage 2 visual salivary gland scintigraphy
50%
Patients Enrolled
18 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with tandem-cohort PRLT.
Administration Time 1 week
Administration Dosage A median activity of 4.0 MBq (range 2.0-7.0 MBq)
Evaluation Method Salivary gland scintigraphy assay
MOA of PDC
Salivary gland dysfunction after 177Lu-PSMA-I&T/-617 PRLT has minor clinical relevance, both subjectively and objectively. Even after high cumulative activities, only mild-to-moderate dryness of mouth occurs in a minority of the patients. The prevalence of xerostomia appears to be significantly lower than the historical controls after external radiotherapy, radioiodine therapy, and especially after PRLT with 225Ac-PSMA-617. A validated questionnaire on xerostomia, salivary gland scintigraphy, and PSMA-PET/CT parameters can help to objectify, standardize, and quantify the SG toxicity of PRLT. A decrease of the excretion fraction on SGS and of the metabolic volume on PSMA PET/CT can be early indicators of SG impairment. The co-administration of lower doses of 225Ac in combination with 177Lu-PSMA-617 (Tandem concept) can decrease severe xerostomia after PRLT with alpha-emitters.

   Click to Show/Hide
Description
The stage of xerostomia at the baseline according to SGS was 0 in 10/18 patients, 1 in 6/18 patients, and 2 in 2/18 patients, while, at the follow-up, stage 0 was noted in 1/18 patients, stage 1 in 8/18 patients, and stage 2 in 9/18 patients (p < 0.001).
Experiment 9 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [4]
Indication Adenocarcinoma prostate
Efficacy Data PSA decline
41.6 ng/mL
Administration Time 2 cycles
Administration Dosage 8.0 MBq/cycle
MOA of PDC
177Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (RLT) has evolved as a suitable alternative to existing therapeutic options in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. With the emergence of -emitters such as 225Ac, the efficacy of PSMA-RLT has further improved. Xerostomia and myelosuppression are common early treatment-emergent adverse events in patients receiving this therapy.

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Description
In view of refractory disease, the patient was administered 2 cycles of 225Ac-PSMA-617 (8.0 MBq/cycle) intravenously at 8 weeks intervals. Eight weeks following the second cycle, his serum PSA declined from 41.7 ng/mL to 0.1 ng/mL, and a repeat 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT showed complete response.
In Vivo Model A 76-year-old nondiabetic man, with adenocarcinoma prostate.
Experiment 10 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [4]
Indication Adenocarcinoma prostate
Efficacy Data PSA decline rate
99.80%
Administration Time 2 cycles
Administration Dosage 8.0 MBq/cycle
MOA of PDC
177Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (RLT) has evolved as a suitable alternative to existing therapeutic options in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. With the emergence of -emitters such as 225Ac, the efficacy of PSMA-RLT has further improved. Xerostomia and myelosuppression are common early treatment-emergent adverse events in patients receiving this therapy.

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Description
In view of refractory disease, the patient was administered 2 cycles of 225Ac-PSMA-617 (8.0 MBq/cycle) intravenously at 8 weeks intervals. Eight weeks following the second cycle, his serum PSA declined from 41.7 ng/mL to 0.1 ng/mL, and a repeat 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT showed complete response.
In Vivo Model A 76-year-old nondiabetic man, with adenocarcinoma prostate.
References
Ref 1 A Treatment Paradigm Shift: Targeted Radionuclide Therapies for Metastatic Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Sep 1;14(17):4276. doi: 10.3390/cancers14174276.
Ref 2 Combined Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade: From Preclinical Advances to the Clinic. J Nucl Med. 2022 Nov;63(11):1636-1641. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264373. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
Ref 3 Salivary Gland Toxicity of PSMA-Targeted Radioligand Therapy with (177)Lu-PSMA and Combined (225)Ac- and (177)Lu-Labeled PSMA Ligands (TANDEM-PRLT) in Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Single-Center Systematic Investigation. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Aug 10;12(8):1926. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12081926.
Ref 4 Delayed Nephrotoxicity After 225Ac-PSMA-617 Radioligand Therapy. Clin Nucl Med. 2022 Jun 1;47(6):e466-e467. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000004149. Epub 2022 Mar 30.