General Information of This Peptide-drug Conjugate (PDC)
PDC ID
PDC_00216
PDC Name
H-TFFYGGSRGK(Dau=Aoa-VA)RNNFKTEEY-OH
PDC Status
Investigative
Indication
In total 1 Indication(s)
Glioblastoma
Structure
Peptide Name
Angiopep-2
 Peptide Info 
Receptor Name
Prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1; Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (LRP1; LRP2)
 Receptor Info 
Drug Name
Daunorubicin
 Drug Info 
Therapeutic Target
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha (TOP2A)
 Target Info 
Linker Name
2-(aminooxy)acetic acid-VA
 Linker Info 
Formula
C141H193N33O44
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 5 Molecular Weight 3054.282
Lipid-water partition coefficient (xlogp) -11.1079
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 42
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 47
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 95
Full List of Activity Data of This Peptide-drug Conjugate
Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
Click To Hide/Show 1 Activity Data Related to This Level
Experiment 1 Reporting the Activity Data of This PDC [1]
Indication Glioblastoma
Efficacy Data Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) > 50 µM
Administration Time 72 h
Evaluation Method MTT assay
MOA of PDC
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a semipermeable system, and, therefore, most of the active substances are poorly transported through this barrier, resulting in decreased therapeutic effects. Angiopep-2 (TFFYGGSRGKRNNFKTEEY) is a peptide ligand of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1), which can cross the BBB via receptor-mediated transcytosis and simultaneously target glioblastomas. Angiopep-2 contains three amino groups that have previously been used to produce drug-peptide conjugates, although the role and importance of each position have not yet been investigated. Thus, we studied the number and position of drug molecules in Angiopep-2 based conjugates. Conjugates containing one, two, and three daunomycin molecules conjugated via oxime linkage in all possible variations were prepared. The in vitro cytostatic effect and cellular uptake of the conjugates were investigated on U87 human glioblastoma cells. Degradation studies in the presence of rat liver lysosomal homogenates were also performed in order for us to better understand the structure-activity relationship and to determine the smallest metabolites. Conjugates with the best cytostatic effects had a drug molecule at the N-terminus. We demonstrated that the increasing number of drug molecules does not necessarily increase the efficacy of the conjugates, and proved that modification of the different conjugation sites results in differing biological effectiveness.

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Description
The in vitro cytostatic effect and the in vitro cellular uptake of the spacer-containing daunomycin-peptide conjugates (9-11) were studied on U87 human glioblastoma cells as previously described. The measured IC50 values are shown in Table 2, while the measured cellular uptake at 10 μM and 50 μM concentration are given in Figure 4. The fluorescence intensity values showed good correlation with the percentage of daunomycin-positive cells in the case of these conjugates as well. Conjugate 9 showed slight toxicity during the measurements at a concentration of 50 μM.

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In Vitro Model Glioblastoma U87 cell CVCL_3429
References
Ref 1 Influence of the Drug Position on Bioactivity in Angiopep-2-Daunomycin Conjugates. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 4;24(4):3106. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043106.